Reseña del editor:
Excerpt from The Annual of Scientific Discovery: Or Year-Book of Facts in Science and Art, for 1864
From the annual address of the President, reviewing the recent prog ress of Science, we make the following extracts. Referring to the district of Newcastle as the birth-place of Stephenson, and of locomo tiyes and railways, he said, The history of railways shows what grand results may have their origin in small beginnings. When coal was first conveyed in this neighborhood from the pit to the shipping place on the Tyne, the pack-horse, carrying a burden of three hun dred-weight, was the only mode of transport employed. As soon as roads suitable for wheeled carriages were formed, carts were introduced, and this first step in mechanical appliance to facilitate transport had the effect of increasing the load which the horse was enabled to carry, from three hundred-weight to seventeen hundred-weight. The next improvement consisted in laying wooden bars or rails for the wheels of carts to run upon, and this was followed by the substitution of the four wheeled wagon for the two-wheeled cart. By this further application of mechanical principles the original horse-load of three hundred - weight was augmented to forty-two hundred-weight. These were important results, and they were not obtained without the shipwreck of the for tunes Of some men whose ideas were in advance of the times in which they lived. The next step in the progress of railways was the attach ment of slips of iron to the wooden rails. Then came the Iron tramway.
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