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Verlag: GRIN Verlag, 2016
ISBN 10: 3668228086ISBN 13: 9783668228085
Anbieter: AHA-BUCH GmbH, Einbeck, Deutschland
Buch
Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Essay from the year 2015 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1.0, University of Tubingen (Department of English), language: English, abstract: In short, Beltane, sometimes also spelled 'Beltaine' in Ireland, 'Beltiunn' in Scotland, 'Shenn da Boaldyn' (the Calends of May) in Wales, and also formerly known as Cetshamhain, was - and in some places still is - a very important feast in the Gaelic world which marked the beginning of the warm half of the year, and which was especially associated with fertility and the victory of a solar deity over the powers of darkness. With the approach of summer and a new harvest to come, growth and protection of crops and livestock played a very important role, particularly among peoples which depended entirely on agriculture. For this reason, it does not seem surprising that the old Celts had, already in pre-Christian times, certain rituals in order to appease the deity associated with the sun and to bid for protection of their cattle and their harvest. On May Eve and May Day, Beltane fires were lit in order to honour and to encourage the power of the sun, and libations and other sacrifices were made to the respective gods and animals, as can be seen in the example above. However, there does not seem to have existed a unified way to celebrate Beltane. Local variations and different traditions can be observed, and it is very difficult to make universally valid claims concerning the procedures of the Celtic Beltane feasts in different areas. It is, nevertheless, the aim of this paper to provide a very brief overview of this very important Celtic feast. In the following lines, the most important days of the Celtic ritual year will be introduced, and it will be attempted to answer the questions 'what is Beltane ', 'where does the name come from ', 'how was it celebrated ', and 'why was it so important ' Moreover, some interesting Beltane traditions and rituals will be presented, and a very brief overview of some present-day Beltane survivals and revivals will be provided.
Verlag: GRIN Verlag, 2012
ISBN 10: 3656139989ISBN 13: 9783656139980
Anbieter: AHA-BUCH GmbH, Einbeck, Deutschland
Buch
Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Essay from the year 2012 in the subject History Europe - Other Countries - Middle Ages, Early Modern Age, University College Cork, language: English, abstract: The First Crusade from 1096 to 1099 A.D. was a military expedition initiated by Pope Urban II. with the goal to reconquer the Holy Sepulchre and Jerusalem, the holy city, for Christianity. Despite enormous threats, dangers and logistic problems, the Christian armyfinally succeeded. The aim of this paper is to analyse and to critically discuss the strengths which enabled the crusaders to succeed in the troublesome recapture of Jerusalem, and theweaknesses of this expedition, which nearly led to the failure of the holy mission.
Verlag: GRIN Verlag, 2016
ISBN 10: 3668252130ISBN 13: 9783668252134
Anbieter: AHA-BUCH GmbH, Einbeck, Deutschland
Buch
Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Essay from the year 2012 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1,5, University College Cork (Department of Archaeology), language: English, abstract: 'The term Viking conjures up for most Irish people bands of marauders and robbers who plundered Irish monasteries and churches, causing widespread destruction and terror [.]'. Such a negative perception of the Viking Age, about 795 and 1169, correlates with the assertion uttered by historians in the past that 'the effect of the Viking invasions on Irish society was catastrophic'. This depiction of the invaders, mostly from Norway and later also from Denmark, seems to be based on sources from monasteries which had been the main targets of the Scandinavians during the first period of raids, approximately between 795 and 840. Therefore, the reliability of these sources is doubtful and they have to be interpreted critically and very carefully. However, many scholars nowadays believe that, on the whole, the Vikings had a positive effect on Irish society. The aim of this paper is to critically discuss and assess the archaeological evidence which appears to support this position.
Verlag: GRIN Verlag, 2016
ISBN 10: 3668251991ISBN 13: 9783668251991
Anbieter: AHA-BUCH GmbH, Einbeck, Deutschland
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Essay from the year 2012 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 2,0, University College Cork (Department of Geography), language: English, abstract: The aim of this paper is to briefly analyse the various changes in Irish politics, economy, population and culture after the Great Famine, and to discuss whether this dramatical event in Irish history was a watershed or not.By interpreting the inadequate measures of the British government to help the Irish people during the Great Famine between 1845 and 1849 as an attempted genocide, nationalist movements stoked hatred against the 'blackhearted' British and such receptions of the Famine entered folk memory. It does not have to be mentioned that this hatred and these allegations had a further effect on Irish-British relations as well as on Irish politics.In addition, there was not only a change in the island s political and cultural landscape, but also in the economy and the demography of post-Famine Ireland. In the words of the female historian Mary E. Daly, 'there is little doubt that the famine was a significant event in the nineteenth century Irish history, but its precise impact is a matter of some considerable debate'. Indeed, nobody would nowadays question that the second half of the century confronted the people with completely different attitudes and conditions than in a pre-Famine context. Anyway, 'the big question is to what extent the famine can be held responsible for these changes'. Was the Great Famine a watershed in Irish history Was it a complete turning point or did it just work as a catalyst for already existing and initiating tendencies and changes.
Verlag: GRIN Verlag, 2016
ISBN 10: 3668228027ISBN 13: 9783668228023
Anbieter: AHA-BUCH GmbH, Einbeck, Deutschland
Buch
Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1.0, University of Tubingen (Department of English), language: English, abstract: When hearing the name 'Saint Patrick', people nowadays think of a bearded, often staffbearing, Irishman who was the first to introduce Christianity to the Emerald Isle, who chased the serpents out of Ireland, and who made use of a shamrock to explain the Holy Trinity. This is the conventional representation of Ireland's National Apostle, and this is what a very high percentage of Saint Patrick's Day visitors would give as an answer if you asked them who Saint Patrick has been. However, this depiction of Ireland s patron saint is as different from the 'real Patrick' who lived most likely between the end of the fourth and the middle of the fifth century A.D. as is the modern, secular way of celebrating March 17, 'Saint Patrick's Day', with parades, rugby matches, and green beer from its traditional, religious origins, the feast of St. Patrick's 'falling asleep', which had been celebrated as early as the ninth century. Neither was he Irish, nor was he the first to introduce Christianity on the island, nor did he chase any of the poisonous snakes out of Ireland as there simply were none in the country after the most recent Ice Age.So, in fact, the prevailing popular image of Saint Patrick is - at least historically speaking - distorted and inaccurate. What may be the reason for such a misrepresentation of the 'real Patrick' Allanah Hopkin gets to the core of the problem by stating that '[m]any people still confuse the Saint Patrick of legend with the very different historical figure.' In her work The Living Legend of Saint Patrick, she points out the different developmental stages of the representations of Patrick over the centuries. According to her, even Patrick's earliest biographers elevated Patrick s life to that of a secular hero.In the following lines, a brief overview of the sources on the 'historical Patrick' will be provided. Then, a chronological reconstruction of Patrick's life and mission will be attempted on the basis of the saint's Confession. It is also an aim of this paper to find out what kind of man Patrick was and what role he played in the conversion of Ireland to Christianity.
Verlag: GRIN Verlag, 2012
ISBN 10: 3656139962ISBN 13: 9783656139966
Anbieter: AHA-BUCH GmbH, Einbeck, Deutschland
Buch
Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,0, University of Tubingen, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction:. This is the basic plot of the legend of King Lear. Geoffrey of Monmouth, a magister and later bishop of Saint Asaph, used it for his Historia Regum Britanniae, also known as The History of the Kings of Britain, a work which pretends to be a history of the British rulers. It was written between 1135 and 1138 and served William Shakespeare as a source for his tragedy called King Lear, which was written between 1603 and 1606.It is no big secret that legends, plays and even traditions sometimes undergo massive changes in the course of time. By comparing the modern celebration of Halloween or St. Nicholas Day to their original meaning, we are able to detect various differences. These changes could be seen as a kind of defamiliarization of their ancient message. Can they simply be seen as a try to change old and established elements into modern and popular objects that are suitable for the longing and the desire of the mass By having a closer look at today s commercial character of Halloween and Christmas, one would tend to agree. On the other side, it seems to be quite logical that different periods with different social and political circumstances can cause different interpretations and expectations of a piece of literature or an event.Although Shakespeare s and Geoffrey s works are dealing with the same background legend, their message and their intentions seem to be quite different. As it was Shakespeare who adapted the Lear story and provided it with several changes, the question arises why he did so. Did he make these changes for commercial reasons Did he try to integrate the legend into a contemporary context in order to influence the masses to attend his play Was he politically dependent and in some way forced to do it Are contemporary values and ideas of his era the key to explain the changes The aim of this paper is to find out, or at least to approach Shakespeare s and also Geoffrey s intentions for providing their own versions of the story of King Lear with special characteristics.In order to be able to compare the different works, it seems to be necessary to provide some background information about both in the following.2. Geoffrey of Monmouth s 'Historia Regum Britanniae'3. William Shakespeare s 'King Lear'4. Possible reasons for the different endings4.1 Specific patterns4.2 Religious influences4.3 Different genres4.4 Political influences and dependencies5. Conclusion6. Works cited.
Verlag: GRIN Verlag, 2012
ISBN 10: 3656139962ISBN 13: 9783656139966
Anbieter: Buchpark, Trebbin, Deutschland
Buch
Zustand: Sehr gut. Zustand: Sehr gut - Gepflegter, sauberer Zustand. | Seiten: 24.
Verlag: GRIN Verlag, 2016
ISBN 10: 3668228027ISBN 13: 9783668228023
Anbieter: Buchpark, Trebbin, Deutschland
Buch
Zustand: Wie neu. Zustand: Wie neu | Seiten: 40.
Verlag: GRIN Verlag, 2012
ISBN 10: 3656139989ISBN 13: 9783656139980
Anbieter: Buchpark, Trebbin, Deutschland
Buch
Zustand: Wie neu. Zustand: Wie neu | Seiten: 16.